Machines and processes are controlled using many strategies, from simple ladder logic to custom algorithms for specialized process control, but proportional-integral-derivative (PID) is the most ...

PID loops are a central component of modulating boiler control systems with applications ranging from basic steam header pressure control to cascading 3-element drum level control. A modern ...

Reinforcement learning (RL) represents a paradigm shift in process control, offering adaptive and data‐driven strategies for the management and optimisation of complex industrial processes. By ...

Self-regulating systems with feedback loops, i.e., the routing back of the output of a system to its input, have existed since antiquity and have since become an integral part of modern technology.

A temperature controller is an instrument that controls temperatures, often without extensive operator involvement. In a temperature controller system, the controller accepts a temperature sensor as ...

Tong, Z. , Gou, Z. and Tan, J. (2025) A PID-Based Speed Modulation Method for Left Ventricular Assist Devices. Open Journal ...

ARC. ARC refers to a combination of a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller, signal selectors and split ranges, ...